NEET UG (Practice Series) Biology Syllabus
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The NEET Biology Syllabus is important for students aiming to score high in the NEET UG exam. This syllabus covers topics from Class 11 and Class 12, for Botany and Zoology. It helps students to understand the topics from which questions will be asked in NEET UG exam. NTA sets the NEET UG Biology Syllabus 2026 based on NCERT books, so focus on those for best results.
Here is the breakdown of NEET 2026 Biology Syllabus into chapter-wise topics, weightage, and tips to prepare is provided. Many students search for "NEET Biology Syllabus 2026 PDF" or "NEET UG Biology important topics 2026". We cover those here to help you plan better. Download the syllabus PDF at the end and start your prep today.
NEET Biology Syllabus 2026
Biology makes up 50% of the NEET UG exam, with 90 questions for 360 marks. Knowing the NEET UG Biology Syllabus helps in focusing on high-weightage areas. It includes 22 chapters under 10 units from Class 11 and Class 12. Changes in recent years reduced some topics, but the core stays the same.
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NEET Biology Syllabus |
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Unit |
Topics |
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Unit 1: Diversity in Living World |
• What is living? Biodiversity; Need for classification; Taxonomy & Systematics; Concept of species and taxonomical hierarchy; Binomial nomenclature • Five kingdom classification; Monera, Protista, Fungi; Lichens; Viruses and Viroids • Classification of plants: Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms • Classification of animals: Non-chordates (phyla level) and chordates (classes level) |
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Unit 2: Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants |
• Morphology and modifications; Tissues • Anatomy and functions of parts of flowering plants: Root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower, fruit, seed • Families: Malvaceae, Cruciferae, Leguminosae, Compositae, Gramineae • Animal tissues; Morphology and anatomy of frog systems (digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous, reproductive) |
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Unit 3: Cell Structure and Function |
• Cell theory; Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; Plant and animal cells • Cell envelope, membrane, wall; Cell organelles (ER, Golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles, mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, micro bodies, cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles, nucleus) • Biomolecules: Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids; Enzymes • Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis |
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Unit 4: Plant Physiology |
• Photosynthesis: Site, pigments, phases, C3 & C4 pathways, photorespiration, factors affecting photosynthesis • Respiration: Exchange of gases, glycolysis, fermentation, TCA cycle, electron transport system, energy relations • Plant growth and development: Seed germination, phases, growth regulators (auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA) |
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Unit 5: Human Physiology |
• Breathing and respiration: Respiratory system in humans, regulation, disorders (Asthma, Emphysema, etc.) • Body fluids and circulation: Blood, lymph, human heart, cardiac cycle, disorders • Excretory products and elimination: Human excretory system, urine formation, disorders (Uraemia, nephritis, etc.) • Locomotion and movement: Muscle contraction, skeletal system, disorders • Neural control and coordination: Nervous system, impulse generation • Chemical coordination and regulation: Endocrine glands and hormones; Disorders (Dwarfism, Diabetes, etc.) |
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Unit 6: Reproduction |
• Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Gametophytes, pollination, fertilization, seed and fruit formation • Human reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems, gametogenesis, menstrual cycle, fertilization, pregnancy, lactation • Reproductive health: STD prevention, contraception, MTP, infertility, ART (IVF, ZIFT, GIFT) |
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Unit 7: Genetics and Evolution |
• Heredity and variation: Mendelian inheritance, deviations, chromosome theory, sex determination, genetic disorders • Molecular basis of inheritance: DNA/RNA structure, replication, transcription, translation, gene regulation, HGP, DNA fingerprinting • Evolution: Origin of life, evidences, Darwin, mechanism (natural selection, genetic drift), Hardy-Weinberg, human evolution |
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Unit 8: Biology and Human Welfare |
• Health and disease: Pathogens (Malaria, Typhoid, Dengue, etc.), immunology basics, Cancer, HIV/AIDS, adolescence issues • Microbes in human welfare: Food processing, industry, sewage treatment, biocontrol, biofertilizers |
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Unit 9: Biotechnology and Its Applications |
• Principles and process of Biotechnology: Genetic engineering • Applications: Insulin, vaccines, gene therapy, GMOs, transgenic animals, biosafety, biopiracy, patents |
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Unit 10: Ecology and Environment |
• Organisms and environment: Interactions (mutualism, competition, etc.) • Ecosystem: Patterns, components, energy flow, ecological pyramids • Biodiversity and conservation: Patterns, importance, threats, conservation strategies (hotspots, reserves, parks) |
This syllabus will help the students understand the concepts like cell structure, genetics, and ecology. Good Biology scores can boost your overall rank in the NEET exam. Use NCERT books as your main guide, as most questions come from there.
NEET Biology Syllabus 2026 PDF Download
Students can download the NEET Biology syllabus PDF from here. It is the official syllabus PDF published by NTA on its official website, neet.nta.nic.in. Downloading this will help you in quick access to the Biology topics without worrying about the internet connectivity or phone speed. Click on the link and download the PDF.
NEET Biology Syllabus Class 11 Topics
The NEET Biology Syllabus 2026 for Class 11 has 10 chapters. These build your base in diversity, structure, and basic functions. Here is the list:
- Diversity in Living World: What is living? Biodiversity, need for classification, three domains of life, taxonomy, binomial nomenclature, tools for study like herbaria and museums.
- Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants: Morphology and anatomy of flowering plants (root, stem, leaf, flower, fruit, seed). Animal tissues (epithelial, connective, muscular, neural). Morphology and anatomy in animals like earthworm, cockroach, frog.
- Cell Structure and Function: Cell theory, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, cell organelles (endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, lysosomes, mitochondria, plastids, ribosomes, cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles, nucleus). Biomolecules (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, enzymes). Cell cycle and division (mitosis, meiosis).
- Plant Physiology: Transport in plants (diffusion, osmosis, active transport, transpiration). Mineral nutrition (essential minerals, macro/micro nutrients). Photosynthesis (pigments, light reaction, Calvin cycle). Respiration (glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport). Plant growth (hormones, photoperiodism, vernalisation).
- Human Physiology: Digestion and absorption (alimentary canal, digestive glands, enzymes). Breathing and respiration (respiratory organs, mechanism, exchange of gases). Body fluids and circulation (blood, lymph, heart, double circulation). Excretory products and elimination (kidney, urine formation). Locomotion and movement (muscles, skeletal system). Neural control (neurons, central and peripheral nervous system, reflex action). Chemical coordination (endocrine glands, hormones).
These topics form about 40% of the NEET UG Biology questions asked in the main exam.
NEET Biology Syllabus Class 12 Topics
The NEET syllabus for Biology covers 12 chapters. These focus on advanced concepts like reproduction, genetics, and environment. Here is the list:
- Reproduction: Reproduction in organisms (asexual, sexual). Sexual reproduction in flowering plants (flower structure, pollination, double fertilisation, seed development). Human reproduction (male/female systems, gametogenesis, menstrual cycle, fertilisation, pregnancy, birth control). Reproductive health (STDs, infertility, assisted technologies).
- Genetics and Evolution: Heredity and variation (Mendel's laws, inheritance patterns, pleiotropy, polygenic inheritance). Molecular basis of inheritance (DNA structure, replication, transcription, translation, gene expression, human genome project). Evolution (origin of life, Darwin's theory, natural selection, Hardy-Weinberg principle, adaptive radiation).
- Biology and Human Welfare: Health and disease (pathogens, parasites, immunity, vaccines). Improvement in food production (plant breeding, tissue culture, animal husbandry). Microbes in human welfare (sewage treatment, biogas, antibiotics).
- Biotechnology and Its Applications: Principles and processes (genetic engineering, recombinant DNA, bioreactors). Applications (transgenic animals/plants, gene therapy, Bt crops, insulin production).
- Ecology and Environment: Organisms and environment (habitat, niche, population attributes). Ecosystem (structure, productivity, decomposition, energy flow, nutrient cycles). Biodiversity and conservation (patterns, loss, in-situ/ex-situ conservation). Environmental issues (air/water pollution, global warming, deforestation, ozone depletion).
These chapters often have application-based questions in the NEET Biology Syllabus 2026.
Chapter-Wise Weightage of NEET Biology 2026
Weightage shows how many questions come from each chapter. In the NEET UG Biology Syllabus, some chapters like Genetics and Human Physiology have higher marks. Here is a table with expected weightage based on past trends:
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Units |
Expected Weightage (%) |
Number of Questions (Approx.) |
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Genetics and Evolution |
12 |
10-12 |
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Human Physiology |
10 |
8-10 |
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Reproduction |
9 |
7-9 |
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Ecology and Environment |
9 |
7-9 |
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Plant Physiology |
8 |
6-8 |
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Cell Structure and Function |
7 |
5-7 |
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Biotechnology and Its Applications |
7 |
5-7 |
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Diversity in Living World |
6 |
4-6 |
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Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants |
6 |
4-6 |
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Biology and Human Welfare |
5 |
4-5 |
This table helps you focus on high-weightage topics covered in NEET syllabus. Genetics alone can give you 40+ marks if prepared well.
NEET Botany Topics
Here is the list of NEET UG Botany topics for the 2026 exam. Give more emphasis on genetics as many questions have been asked from this in the past few years.
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NEET Botany Unit-Wise Topics |
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Unit Name |
Chapters/Topics |
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Diversity in the Living World |
Biodiversity and Conservation |
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The Living World |
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Biological Classification |
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Structural Organisation in Plants |
Anatomy of Flowering Plants |
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Morphology of Flowering Plants |
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Cell Structure and Function |
Cell: The Unit of Life |
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Cell Cycle and Cell Division |
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Plant Physiology |
Respiration in Plants |
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Plant Growth and Development |
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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants |
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Reproduction |
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants |
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Genetics and Evolution |
Principles of Inheritance and Variation |
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Molecular Basis of Inheritance |
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Evolution |
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Biology and Human Welfare |
Microbes in Human Welfare |
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Biotechnology |
Biotechnology - Principles and Processes |
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Biotechnology and its Applications |
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Ecology and Environment |
Organisms and Populations |
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Ecosystem |
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NEET Zoology Topics
The below mentioned NEET UG Zoology topics will be asked in the 2026 NEET exam. Follow the chapter-wise weightage and pick the topics according to prepare better.
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NEET Zoology Unit-Wise Topics |
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Unit Name |
Chapters/Topics |
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Structural Organisation in Animals |
Structural Organisation in Animals (Tissues) |
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Human Physiology |
Body Fluids and Circulation |
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Breathing and Exchange of Gases |
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Excretory Products and their Elimination |
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Locomotion and Movement |
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Neural Control and Coordination |
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Chemical Coordination and Integration |
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Reproduction |
Human Reproduction |
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Reproductive Health |
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Biology and Human Welfare |
Human Health and Disease |
Changes in NEET Biology Syllabus
The NEET Biology Syllabus follows the same pattern with no major changes. Some topics like Evolution and Environmental Issues were reduced in past years. Compared to 2025, the syllabus stays stable. It is always suggested to check the official NTA syllabus for updates.
Preparation Tips for NEET Biology
To master the Biology section of NEET UG, follow these tips:
- Read NCERT books first. They cover 90% of questions.
- Make notes for diagrams like cell structure or flower parts.
- Practice MCQs daily. Aim for 100 questions per day.
- Revise high-weightage chapters like Genetics weekly.
- Use mnemonics for lists, such as hormone functions.
- Solve past papers to see question patterns.
- Join mock tests to build speed and accuracy.
These steps help with "NEET Biology preparation tips 2026" searches.
Best Books to Cover NEET Biology Syllabus
Besides NCERT, use these books to cover the Biology of NEET syllabus. They explain the concepts with extra questions.
- Trueman's Objective Biology for NEET.
- Pradeep's Biology Guide.
- MTG Fingertips Biology.
NEET Biology Mock Tests and Practice
For more practice on NEET Biology, download the PrepMe247 App. It has 10,000+ study notes, real-time doubt support, 389 NEET UG mock tests, NEET previous year papers and Rankers Test Series.